In instrument flight, a holding pattern entry is commonly described as a racetrack pattern used to stack arriving aircraft. Which methods are the common entry options?

• A. A racetrack pattern used to stack aircraft; Direct, teardrop, and parallel are common entry methods.
• B. A straight-in pattern from the holding fix with no turns.
• C. A circular orbit used only for weather avoidance.
• D. A figure-eight pattern used to sequence multiple aircraft.

Answer: (A)

Entering a holding pattern is all about how you join the racetrack efficiently from your current position relative to the inbound course. The three standard ways to do this are direct, teardrop, and parallel entries.

Direct entry happens when you approach the holding fix from a direction that aligns closely with the inbound course. You go straight to the fix and then begin the outbound leg on the published holding course, followed by turning back to intercept the inbound leg. This keeps the join simple and minimizes extra turns when your approach line lines up with the hold.

Teardrop entry is used when your approach to the fix is sufficiently offset from the inbound course that a straight join would be awkward. After crossing the fix, you turn away from the inbound course on a short teardrop path, then complete a turn to intercept the inbound course. This extra outbound maneuver helps you join the hold from a better angle while maintaining orderly sequencing for other traffic.

Parallel entry applies when your position is offset by a moderate amount from the inbound course. After crossing the fix, you fly outbound on a path parallel to the inbound course but on the opposite side of the hold, then turn to intercept the inbound course. This method preserves spacing and allows a smooth merge into the holding pattern without abrupt changes in direction.

All three methods are common because they provide reliable, standardized ways to join a holding pattern from different approach geometries, ensuring orderly sequencing and minimum disruption to other traffic.